Land application systems

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Evapotranspiration (ETA) beds are essentially shallow underground gravel trenches that dispose of the treated wastewater through soil absorption and evaporation processes. ETA beds are a reliable and robust solution for effluent disposal and are suitable on most soil types and for sloping sites up to approximately 15% grade. Special design may be required for sand or heavy clay soils.

Subsurface irrigation (SSI) systems are comprised of multiple driplines generally installed 100mm below surface. SSI systems can be suitable for difficult soil types, high groundwater tables and sloped sites.